Once the refinery production is done, it is categorized by penetration test with the help of a penetrometer apparatus. It is the most widely used bitumen for the construction of roads. To grade bitumen on the basis of properties, refineries run some tests to measure the penetration value, viscosity level, performance and consistency. Grading bitumen could be critical as there are different types of bitumen as a result of different crude oils. Bitumen has a blackish-brown color and it exists in liquid to semi-solid phase. The substance can be found naturally or through the crude oil refining process. Other constructions use 10% and the remaining 5% is used by other industries including insulation. To be precise, at least 85% of global bitumen production is being used in road construction. Bitumen is a hydrocarbon substance and it consists of oxygen, sulfur, iron, and calcium.
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